Y. S. Kim's Princeton Page



  • Wherever I go, I brag about my Princeton background. Thus, people ask me the following questions.

    1. Am I the first Korean to receive a PhD degree from Princeton?

    2. Did I meet Einstein and talk to him?

    The answer is No to both questions, but I have a story to tell.

  • Syngman Rhee received his degree in 1910, and he is known as Woodrow Wilson's most accomplished student. He was the first and founding president of the Republic of Korea (South Korea). He was a dictator, but is regarded as the father of democracy in Korea modeled after American democracy.

    Click here to enlarge this image.

  • When I went to Princeton as a first-year graduate student in 1958, Einstein was already in heaven. How can you talk to a person in heaven?

    Do you know how Moses talked to God? He wrote five books about God, They are the first five books of the Old Testament.

  • Click here to see how Moses talked to God, and how I talked to Einstein.

  • The best way to talk to Einstein is to write a book or books addressing the issues in which Einstein was most interest. Einstein received his Nobel prize in 1921, but

      not for his E = mc 2 ,

    which is regarded as one of the most important formulas for our civilization. Thus, the best way to talk to Einstein is to tell him what happened to this formula since his time.

  • Eugene Paul Wigner was regarded as the No. 2 man (after Einstein). He received his Nobel prize in 1963, but

    on his little groups dictating the internal space-time symmetries of particles in Einstein's Lorentz-covariant world.

    In 1986, I told Professor Wigner that his 1939 paper deserved one full Nobel prize as Einstein's E = mc2 does, by showing the following table.

    Contents of Einstein's E = mc2


    		Particle Massive/Slow between Massless/Fast
    Einstein Energy
    Momentum     		E = p2/2m E =
    [m2c4 + (cp)2]1/2     		E = cp
    Wigner Helicity
    spin, Gauge     		S3
    S1 S2     		Winner's
    Little Groups     		Helicity
    Gauge Trans.
    This table is from one of my papers published in 1986.

  • This table forces us to go back to the century-old problem. One hundred years ago, Niels Bohr was worrying about discrete energy levels of the hydrogen atom. Einstein was interested in how things look to moving observers. Bohr and Einstein met occasionally to talk about physics. Did they ever talk about moving hydrogen atoms. The answer seems to be No. Thus, there are two distinct routes to take.


    1. Since they did not ask this problem, we should resolve this issue.

    2. Since they did not address this issue, the problem does not exist. It is foolish to waste time on the problem that does not exist.

  • Which route would you take? Before 1950, the hydrogen atom moving with relatistic speed was unthinkable. It is still unthinkable. Howwer, these days, high-energy acclerators routinely produce protons moving with speeds very close to that of light. While the proton is not a hydrogen atom, it is a quantum bound state just like the hydrogen atom, according to Murray Gell-Mann (1964). When the proton moved with an ultra-fast speed, it appears like a collection of partons, according to Ricard Feynman (1969).

    Thus, the resolution of this quark-parton provides an answer to the Bohr-Einstein issue of the moving hydrogen atom.

    Further Contents of Einstein's E = mc2


    		Massive/Slow between Massless/Fast
    Energy
    Momentum     		E = p2/2m Einstein's
    E=(m2 + p2)1/2
    		E = cp
    Helicity
    Spin, Gauge     		S3
    S1 S2     		Wigner's
    Little Group     		Helicity
    Gauge Trans.
    Hadrons,
    Bound States     		Gell-Mann's
    Quark Model    		 One
    Lorentz-Covariant
    Entity     		Feynman's
    Parton Picture

    Click here for further contents of this table.

    This table contains my earlier work, mostly with Marilyn Noz, on how the proton (quantum bound state like the hydrogen atom) appears when it moves with a speed close to that of light. This is known as the quark-parton puzzle in high-energy physics.

  • This table is translated into this figure.

    and to Click here for a detailed story.



Richard Philips Feynman (1919-1988)

  • Richard Feynman was the most creative American physicist in the 20th Century. He received his PhD degree in 1942. His thesis advisor was John A. Wheeler.

  • In 1966, I received a death sentence (ordering me to stop doing physics) from the physics community for publishing a paper not consistent with Princeton's view. I survived only because Feynman in 1970 expressed his view consistent with mine. From there, I regained my courage. Feynman was my Savior.

  • It is fun to talk about Feynman. I maintain my own Feynman site. Feynman was a very colorful person. You will also be interested in the following pages.
    1. Artist. Feynman was an artist. He used to draw pictures when he was doing physics. This resulted in Feynman diagrams.
    2. Rio de Janeiro. Feynman used to there very often to join Brazil's Samba artists.

  • According to Feynman, the adventure of our science of physics is a perpetual attempt to recognize that the different aspects of nature are really different aspects of the same thing.

    1. Feynman published approximately 150 papers. Thus it is fun to see whether those papers can be combined into one. I could not do this, but I was able to combine three of them into one. Click here for a story.

    2. Eugene Wigner also published many papers. In 1939, Wigner published his paper on internal space time symmetries of elementary particles. In 1953 with Inonu, he published a paper on group contractions. It is fun to combine those into one paper.

    3. Paul A. M. Dirac was another great physicist of the past century. He was a beautiful writer, and his papers are like poems. However, his paper does not contain any figures or illustrations. On the other hand, Feynman was a cartoonist. He drew pictures and diagrams to express his ideas. Thus, it is fun to translate Dirac's poems into cartoons.

    4. I published about 200 papers. According to Feynman's definition of physics, I should be able to combine all those into one paper. This is not an easy job. Click here for a story.